Nestled high in the Andes Mountains, the Cusco and Sacred Valley region is a mesmerizing blend of breathtaking landscapes, ancient Incan ruins, and vibrant cultural experiences. It’s a haven for travelers looking to dive into Peru’s rich history and natural beauty. This guide will take you through the best attractions and activities, from village explorations to scenic walks and hidden gems.
Cusco and the Sacred Valley are top-rated destinations throughout Peru, and for good reason. We found these places so captivating that we couldn’t resist exploring as many sites as possible and experiencing the best this region has to offer.
Undoubtedly, the Sacred Valley should be included in your Peru travel plans.
The Sacred Valley holds mysteries, a rich Inca history, innumerable ruins, stunning stone terraces, and dazzling natural landscapes sculpted by the Urubamba River. Its beauty is truly incomparable.
The combination of the Inca civilization’s engineering marvels, its historical importance, and the stunning landscapes has captivated travelers for decades.
One of the main reasons the Sacred Valley and Cusco are on travelers’ wish lists is their proximity to the iconic Peruvian site Machu Picchu and the starting points of some of the most magnificent hikes in the world.
Whether you are planning to do the legendary Inca Trail Route to Machu Picchu or embark on the equally beautiful Salkantay Hike with its spectacular views, Cusco and the Sacred Valley are the perfect starting points before and after your adventures.
This valley, spanning approximately 100 kilometers, is a destination that cannot be overlooked.
After having enough time to explore the Sacred Valley, we are excited to share our knowledge with you, our readers, so you can start planning your trip.
This Sacred Valley travel guide includes practical tips and, most importantly, highlights the best attractions and activities to make the most of your visit.
Most travelers consider Cusco the ideal place to stay, thanks to its excellent tourist infrastructure and unique charm.
Cusco is an important tourist center for all visitors to Peru. The city itself is fascinating, but when you embark on one of the many day trips from Cusco, you appreciate the beauty of this ancient Inca region.
It is no secret that Peru, like many other South American countries, faces significant corruption problems. This problem is particularly evident in Cusco, which generates millions of dollars in annual tourism revenue. We couldn’t help but wonder where all the money would stop.
Of course, no investment is made in improving infrastructure or maintaining public spaces. It may sound naïve, but we believe that substantial tourism revenues should be visible and contribute to the prosperity of local communities.
However, putting this concern aside and focusing on the positive side—the history and architecture—we must admit that Cusco has something captivating.
The historic center of Cusco is full of churches, narrow, cobbled streets, and wide squares. The city is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. However, many Inca buildings were destroyed by the Spaniards, who arrived in the 16th century and built churches and houses in European and colonial styles.
Interestingly, the few remaining structures from the Inca era have withstood several devastating earthquakes. At the same time, more recent Spanish constructions had to be rebuilt repeatedly because they were less resilient.
Cusco is impressive from an architectural standpoint and has enormous historical significance. It was the capital of the Inca Empire from the 13th to the 16th centuries.
The Incas ruled their vast empire from this place, and Cusco flourished during their reign. Many remarkable structures were erected, and numerous legends of that time still reverberate today.
One such legend suggests that the city was designed in the shape of a puma, an animal sacred to the Incas.
To test this legend before exploring the Sacred Valley, the easiest way is to climb a hill with panoramic views of the city and see for yourself if it is true.
A hundred-kilometer valley stretches from the Pisac Ruins and the Pisac Village (20 kilometers from Cusco) to the citadel of Machu Picchu.
In Inca times, the valley was an essential area for building several checkpoints (now ruins or archaeological sites) and the main route from Cusco to Machu Picchu.
But thanks to stable year-round temperatures, a sustained water source (from the Urubamba River), and two distinct seasons—the rainy and dry seasons—the area was (and remains) perfect for agriculture.
The Incas were experts in plant cultivation, and traveling through the valley, one can notice agricultural terraces. These are beautiful to contemplate, but the local people still use them to grow their crops.
Nowadays, visiting the Sacred Valley is mainly about admiring the fruits of the Inca civilization’s labor, combined with views of deep valleys, mountainous landscapes, and snow-capped peaks in the distance.
When exploring the Sacred Valley, you should be prepared for one thing: you will see many ruins and terraces.
We never tired of them and always looked forward to seeing new ruins, even after visiting some well-known sites in the country, like the enormous walled city of Kuelap in northern Peru or the most significant pre-Columbian adobe city in South America, Chan Chan, to mention a few.
Here is a list of the main places and attractions you should not miss on your tour of the Sacred Valley.
One of our favorite archaeological gems in the Sacred Valley was the Pisac Ruins.
The Inca ruins are located at the top of a hill above the Pueblo de Pisac; the central part is on the mountain itself, but other ancient buildings, or sometimes just heaps of stones, are scattered across the grassy ground.
Due to their location at the top, the primary purpose of the Pisac Ruins was to protect Cusco from possible attacks.
There are two ways to visit the Pisac Ruins: by car or on foot. If you have half a day and are in good physical shape, we strongly recommend the second option, which is very picturesque.
But first, you must get to Pisac. There is a road that leads directly to the entrance of the archaeological site, so you can take a tour from Cusco (tours usually combine several places, including Pisac, and cost around $25 when booked in Cusco), take a taxi from Cusco, or arrive in a minivan to the village of Pisac, and from there take a taxi to the gate.
Since parts of the ruins are all along the road leading to Pisac, you won’t be able to see everything, just the busiest section of ruins.
Instead of driving, we decided to hike from Pisac village to the Pisac Ruins.
The entire trail climbs, so it is an excellent way to prepare for other hikes in the high Andes. The distance from the village to the highest point of the ruins is 4 km, and the journey should take approximately two hours each way.
Of course, you can drive to the entrance and walk downhill. This trail offers beautiful views, an almost abandoned hike, and more ruins.
The village of Pisac is famous for its traditional markets, so if you like shopping, you should not miss stopping here.
It is easy to get to Pisac independently. Take a collective on Puputi Street in Cusco for S/5. The vans leave when they are full at 7 a.m.
To return to Cusco, take a regular minivan on the main road through Pisac.
You will likely visit Ollantaytambo more than once during your stay in Cusco. Most travelers take the train from here to Aguas Calientes, a city that serves as a base for visiting Machu Picchu.
But there is another reason to visit Ollantaytambo separately: the Ollantaytambo Ruins.
An ancient Inca administrative center and a checkpoint for entry into the Inca Empire’s Amazon region are approximately two hours from Cusco.
For this reason, it is best to combine this site with other attractions along the way.
An enormous system of agricultural terraces that are wider and higher than conventional Inca terraces may be found at the Ollantaytambo Ruins.
Another distinctive element is the ancient warehouses, visible across the valley from the ruins, along with the Sun Temple rising above.
The most amazing feeling is standing atop the ruins and looking down the valley to see that every giant boulder originates from the quarry about 5 kilometers down on the other side.
But the most impactful moment comes when you realize that the Incas did not use animals or wheels to move the stones from place to place; everything was created through human labor and power.
You can reach Ollantaytambo by bus from Cusco for S/10 from Calle Grau. We visited these ruins as part of a tour encompassing all the locations listed below, including Pisac (which we visited independently).
Lunch is included in the S/190 per-person tour price.
Well, at these heights, you’ve probably seen so many ruins that you can’t tell one from another. But we can promise you will remember Moray Ruins because they look different.
Scientists thought the Incas probably staged theatrical performances here, like an Inca theater, when they discovered the Moray Ruins.
Although the Moray Ruins terraces are circular, they have a different purpose.
It is no secret that the Incas were geniuses at agriculture and plant cultivation. Today, it is believed that they used these ruins as an agricultural laboratory.
Each level of the terraces has a different temperature and a different microclimate, and the design and orientation to the sun suggest that the Incas experimented with plants and crops here.
Experiments have also shown that the soil comes from several regions of Peru. Although these regions flood during the rainy season, the Moray Ruins never do. Is this pretty exciting data?
Touring the Sacred Valley from Cusco is the easiest way to visit the Moray Ruins.
Otherwise, it would be best to take a minivan from Cusco to the village of Maras for S/10; it takes approximately one hour. From here, you should take a taxi for S/80 (this price usually includes a stop at the Maras Salt Flats).
When you walk towards the main square of Cusco and look up, you will see a large white sculpture of Jesus Christ.
The most important Inca ruins of Cusco, Sacsayhuaman, are at the same height but slightly to your left.
It is a favorite trip for people staying in the city for just a day or two, as it is easily accessible by public transport (take a colectivo to Cristo Blanco or a minivan to Pisac and ask to be dropped off at Sacsayhuaman) or walking downhill from downtown for approximately half an hour.
By the way, the correct pronunciation is similar to ‘Sexy Woman. ‘
Sacsayhuaman was a fortress, and even the Spaniards who arrived in Cusco in the 16th century admired the precise Inca stone construction.
To this day, some of the stones are so fitted together that not even a piece of paper fits between them.
There are three other ruins within 8 kilometers of Cusco. Although Sacsayhuaman is the most impressive, you can take a bus to Pisac and ask the driver to drop you off at Cusco’s furthest ruin, Tambomachay, and from there, walk back to the city, passing through Qenqo, Pukapukara, and Sacsayhuaman.
Since most places near Cusco are at high altitudes, with the city almost 3,400 meters above sea level, visiting nearby ruins is ideal for proper acclimatization.
A beautiful Adobe church and a colorful market will tell you! You are near the Chinchero Ruins. At these heights, you may have realized that there is too much to do in the Sacred Valley, which probably makes the site of Chinchero go a bit unnoticed.
As there isn’t much dependable public transit in this area, independent travelers overlook the remains and the settlement of Chinchero, which are typically visited during Sacred Valley tours departing from Cusco.
The Chinchero ruins consist of a series of tiered terraces built for agriculture; some are still used today.
The soil in Chinchero is fertile and one of the best in the Sacred Valley for growing potatoes.
However, the main reason Inca Tupac, son of the famous Pachacútec, used Chinchero was quite different. He maintained it as a retreat in the countryside—a place to relax and rally forces to rule the Inca Empire.
We can’t blame him because the surroundings of Chinchero couldn’t be better.
When the weather is perfect (as during our visit), you can see many high mountains, including one of the most significant, the Salkantay.
The only place we visited in the Sacred Valley that is not a ruin is the salt mines at Maras, which are connected to the Incas, who used this place to extract salt over 500 years ago.
Today, thousands of salt ponds still belong to hundreds of nearby families.
Traditionally, salt mines were available to anyone who wanted to harvest salt; the person had to be a community member, and the amount of salt he received depended on the size of the family.
Although salt mines are still in use and salt can be bought in nearby shops, tourism has become the primary source of income.
The Tourist Ticket is not valid here; an entrance fee of S/15 must be paid.
Salt harvesting can only occur during the dry season. When we visited in mid-November, no one was working, but the view of the thousands of salt ponds was incredible.
You certainly couldn’t think that a tourist attraction of such importance would be free.
Technically, upon entering the Sacred Valley, you do not need to pay anything; you can travel freely by car, bus, or train and enjoy the beauty of the place.
However, you must pay an entrance fee when visiting each ruin in the valley, and the price is relatively high.
If you plan to visit multiple sites, the best option is to buy a comprehensive ticket. This ticket costs S/130 and is valid for 10 days, allowing you to see 16 sites (museums and ruins) in Cusco and the Sacred Valley.
You can buy a partial ticket if you have little time or wish to visit a few sites. It costs S/70 but is valid for only one or two days (depending on the circuit).
But here’s the detail: The Peruvian government has smartly divided all the sites into three circuits, which means that if you wish to visit two sites that are not in the same circuit, you must buy two tickets or acquire the ten-day pass directly.
Almost all sites in the Sacred Valley require a tourist ticket; only a few can be visited with an individual ticket.
Cusco is the traditional entry point to the Sacred Valley, so make your way there first. Thankfully, Cusco has excellent connections to all of Peru’s main cities.
Buses to Cusco depart regularly from Lima, but it is best to fly to save time.
Numerous bus companies also offer itineraries from other locations, such as Puno or Copacabana in Bolivia (home to the famed Sun Island), Arequipa (learn more about the Arequipa and Colca Canyon tour), and Nazca (home of the mysterious Nazca Lines).
You can use public transportation from Cusco or enroll in an organized trip to the Sacred Valley.
The only downside to public transportation is that each destination in the Sacred Valley has a different bus station.
Always make sure you know which bus station is the right one. Furthermore, when pressed for time, it is preferable to tour and see more locations in a single day, as visiting each location separately would take considerably longer.
For further information, visit the iPeru tourist information center in the BCP bank building on the main square.
We have already mentioned several ways to explore the Sacred Valley. Although we like to explore places on our own, we opted for the tour as it seemed pretty reasonable.
The price was not too high, and it was efficient in terms of time.
We have selected the most popular tours so you can review them and decide whether to follow this option.
Remember that traveling independently remains an option. Just like us, you can combine these transportation options.
Here are some essentials you should pack for exploring the Sacred Valley.
As we’ve already said, Cusco is among the most significant locations to stay before exploring the Sacred Valley.
Of course, there are hotels in the valley’s smaller villages, but we only suggest them if you want a more sedate experience.
When choosing a hotel, consider several criteria. In this case, check the distance to the bus station from your hotel, or see if travel agencies offer pick-up and transfer services to your accommodation.
We have selected the three best hotels in Cusco for each budget category. Feel free to be inspired by them.
Budget: Cusco Bed and Breakfast: This hotel offers spacious, clean rooms, comfortable beds, a quiet night atmosphere, and an excellent location.
Medio: Tierra Viva Cusco Downtown: Boasting one of the best-value locations in Cusco, this hotel offers lovely accommodations and a tranquil ambiance.
Luxury: JW Marriott El Convento Cusco: This hotel features stunning interiors, a charming colonial courtyard, and luxury rooms. The cathedral and main square of Cusco are just three blocks away.
Ollantaytambo is not just a gateway to Machu Picchu but a destination rich in history. The cobblestone streets and traditional adobe homes form a picturesque scene that transports you back in time. As you stroll through these villages, you’ll encounter friendly locals who are eager to share stories and traditions that have been passed down through generations. Each town has its unique charm, offering a distinct perspective on Andean life.
Engaging with locals offers a unique opportunity to learn about their customs and way of life. Participate in daily rituals or enjoy a meal prepared with locally sourced ingredients. These interactions provide insights into the community’s values and the harmony they maintain with their natural surroundings. Such experiences are invaluable for anyone looking to understand the essence of Andean culture.
The architecture in these villages is a testament to the region’s rich history. The cobblestone streets wind through the town, leading you past adobe homes that have stood for centuries. These structures, with their distinct thatched roofs and mud walls, showcase traditional construction techniques adapted to the Andean climate. As you explore, take time to appreciate the craftsmanship and the stories these buildings tell.
Dive deeper into the heart of Andean culture by participating in textile workshops. These experiences offer insight into the intricate weaving techniques passed down through generations. You’ll find yourself surrounded by vibrant colors and patterns, each with its own story and significance. As you watch skilled artisans at work, you’ll gain a newfound appreciation for the vibrant textiles that are a hallmark of this region.
Andean textiles are more than just decorative items; they are a form of storytelling and a reflection of the weaver’s identity. Each pattern and color combination has a meaning, often linked to the weaver’s family, community, or the natural world. Learning about these textiles offers a deeper understanding of Andean cosmology and the interconnectedness of their cultural practices.
Participating in these workshops allows you to try your hand at traditional weaving techniques. Under the guidance of skilled artisans, you’ll learn how to use a backstrap loom and create your own piece of Andean textile art. This hands-on experience is not only educational but also a fun and rewarding way to connect with the local culture.
The Sacred Valley is dotted with stunning viewpoints that offer panoramic vistas of the rugged Andean terrain. For breathtaking views, head to the Urubamba River or the Pisac ruins. These spots not only provide fantastic photo opportunities but also a serene setting to reflect on the natural beauty surrounding you.
The Urubamba River winds its way through the valley, creating dramatic landscapes that are a must-see. Along its banks, you’ll find numerous viewpoints where you can stop and admire the interplay of water and mountain. The sound of the river rushing below adds a soothing soundtrack to your visit, enhancing the scene’s tranquility.
While the main viewpoints offer incredible vistas, don’t overlook the hidden lookouts that are tucked away along lesser-known trails. These spots often provide a more secluded experience, allowing you to immerse yourself in the natural beauty without the crowds. Take the time to explore these areas, and you may discover a new favorite spot.
For photographers, the Sacred Valley offers endless opportunities to capture stunning images. To make the most of these moments, consider visiting during golden hour when the light is soft and enhances the landscape’s natural beauty. Experiment with different angles and compositions to create dynamic shots that tell the story of your journey through this breathtaking region.
Pisac is famous for its impressive archaeological park and vibrant market. But don’t miss the scenic walks around the area. Trails here lead you through terraces and offer spectacular views of the valley below. These walks are ideal for those looking to combine cultural exploration with a bit of exercise.
The terraces of Pisac are a marvel of ancient engineering. As you walk along these terraces, you’ll gain an appreciation for the Incas’ agricultural ingenuity and their ability to adapt to the mountainous landscape. The trails offer various vantage points to admire the terraces and the sweeping views of the valley below.
Pisac is also known for its bustling market, where you can find a wide array of handmade goods and local produce. As you wander through the stalls, you’ll be immersed in the vibrant colors and aromas that define Andean markets. Engage with vendors to learn about the products and the stories behind them, adding depth to your visit.
For nature enthusiasts, Pisac offers several trails that wind through the surrounding countryside. These paths provide an opportunity to explore the area’s natural beauty at your own pace. As you walk, keep an eye out for local wildlife and the diverse flora that thrives in this unique ecosystem.
Beyond the well-trodden paths lie numerous hidden gems waiting to be discovered. From ancient ruins to secluded natural spots, these hidden treasures are perfect for the adventurous traveler.
For a unique experience, explore off-the-beaten-path activities like visiting the Maras salt mines or the Moray agricultural terraces. These sites offer a fascinating insight into pre-Columbian agriculture and the innovative spirit of the Inca civilization. The salt mines, with their intricate network of terraced pools, create a stunning visual contrast against the surrounding landscape.
While Machu Picchu is the most famous Incan site, the region is home to many lesser-known ruins that offer a quieter experience. The Huchuy Qosqo ruins, for example, provide stunning views and a sense of solitude. As you explore these sites, you’ll gain a deeper understanding of the Incas’ architectural prowess and their connection to the land.
The Sacred Valley is dotted with secluded spots that offer a perfect setting for reflection and relaxation. Whether it’s a hidden waterfall or a quiet meadow, these places provide a peaceful escape from the hustle and bustle of more popular attractions. Take the time to pause and soak in the tranquility of your surroundings.
Cusco, the ancient Inca capital, is a vibrant city filled with cultural activities. From traditional festivals to artisan markets, there’s no shortage of ways to immerse yourself in local culture.
Time your visit to coincide with one of the region’s traditional festivals. These events are filled with colorful costumes, lively music, and age-old rituals that offer a window into the rich cultural tapestry of the Andes. Each festival has its unique significance, often tied to the agricultural calendar or historical events.
Music and dance are integral to Andean festivals, and experiencing them firsthand is a highlight for many visitors. The rhythms of traditional instruments and the dancers’ energy create an unforgettable atmosphere. Engage with locals to learn the stories behind the dances and the significance of each performance.
Visit local markets in Cusco and the Sacred Valley for a chance to purchase handmade crafts and textiles. These markets not only support local artisans but also provide an opportunity to learn about the cultural significance behind each piece. As you browse, take the time to engage with the artisans, whose stories add depth and meaning to their work.
Traveling to the Sacred Valley can be a rewarding experience with a bit of preparation. Here are some tips to help you make the most of your journey.
The Sacred Valley has a mild climate year-round, but the best time to visit is during the dry season from May to September. This period offers clear skies and ideal conditions for outdoor adventures. Additionally, consider timing your visit to coincide with local festivals or events for a more immersive experience.
Understanding the seasonal climate can help you pack appropriately. The region experiences a wet season from November to March, so be prepared for rain if you visit during this time. Layered clothing, waterproof gear, and sturdy footwear are essential for navigating the varied terrain and unpredictable weather.
Plan your day trips carefully to make the most of your time in the region. Consider hiring a local guide who can offer insider knowledge and recommendations for must-see sites and experiences. A well-planned itinerary allows you to explore both popular attractions and hidden gems, ensuring a comprehensive and fulfilling journey.
For those seeking adventure, the Sacred Valley offers a plethora of outdoor activities. From hiking to biking, there’s no shortage of ways to explore the stunning landscapes.
Engage in thrilling outdoor activities such as white-water rafting on the Urubamba River or trekking the Inca Trail. These adventures provide not only a physical challenge but also a chance to witness the valley’s awe-inspiring beauty up close. The adrenaline rush, paired with the stunning scenery, creates unforgettable experiences.
The Inca Trail is a renowned trekking route that takes you through diverse landscapes and past ancient ruins. As you hike, you’ll follow in the footsteps of the Incas, experiencing the same breathtaking views and historical sites they once did. This journey is a physical and spiritual exploration of the region’s rich heritage.
Photography enthusiasts will find endless opportunities to capture the breathtaking scenery. Key spots include the terraces of Pisac and the peaks surrounding Ollantaytambo. Sunrise and sunset offer the best lighting for capturing the valley’s natural beauty. Experiment with different perspectives to create compelling images that convey the essence of this remarkable landscape.
No trip to the Sacred Valley is complete without indulging in the local cuisine. The region offers a diverse array of culinary delights that reflect its rich cultural heritage.
Sample traditional dishes like cuy (guinea pig) and pachamanca, a unique cooking method that involves baking food underground. These dishes offer a taste of the region’s culinary traditions and the flavors that define Andean cuisine. Each bite tells a story of the land and the people who inhabit it.
For a modern twist, visit one of the valley’s fusion restaurants that incorporate local ingredients into contemporary dishes. These establishments offer innovative takes on traditional flavors, showcasing the versatility and creativity of Andean cuisine. Enjoy a meal that blends the old with the new, creating a memorable dining experience.
In Urubamba, enjoy curated culinary experiences featuring farm-to-table dining and cooking classes. These activities allow you to connect with the local food culture in a meaningful way. Learn about the ingredients, techniques, and stories behind each dish, deepening your appreciation for the region’s culinary heritage.
The Cusco and Sacred Valley region is a treasure trove of attractions and activities that cater to a wide range of interests. Whether you’re drawn to its ancient ruins, vibrant culture, or stunning natural landscapes, there’s something for every traveler. By exploring both the well-known sites and hidden gems, you’ll gain a deeper understanding of this remarkable region. So pack your bags, prepare for adventure, and get ready to discover the magic of the Andes. As you journey through the Sacred Valley, you’ll create memories that will last a lifetime, enriched by the rich history and vibrant culture of this extraordinary place.
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